Posted by Scientific Insights on Thursday, July 10, 2014
D.
Overviewof Tafseer Mahaasin at-Ta'wiil
Book of Tafseer Mahaasin
at-Ta'wiil appeared in the middle ages, where there is a clash between two
different civilizations. The constant clash between Islam and the international
movement of Orientalism and misionarisme in the second half of the 19th century
and early 20th century, where attack of the infidel colonialists against the
Islamic world reached its peak.
As for The reason of Imam al-Qasimi composed the book of tafsir was because he
felt that the interpretation of science is the science of the highest of all
branches of religious knowledge, as he said in his tafseer Prolegomena.
Furthermore, tafseer
of al-Qasimi work was first published by Daar Ihyaa 'al-Kutub al-' Arabiyah
Cairo publishers as many seventeen chapters. This book publishing ventures
involves Muhammad Bahjat al-Baithar, one of the member of Majma 'al-' Ilmii
al-'Arabii, to examine it. For this effort the book of tafseer Mahaasin
al-Ta'wil can get to before us.
As the main
reference source in the interpretation, he took from four sources:
First, the strength
of ra'yu in capturing the meaning of the Qur'an. Imam al-Qasimi in interpreting
the verses of the Qur'an always interpret it based on a few pieces of the
sentences or words, for example;
"(And We made sky
as a roof) above the earth like a dome on his top (preserved) explanatory is High
and awake in order to be protected from alteration caused by other influences, such
as length of time".
Second, the words and
opinions of the companions of prophet.
Third, the hadiths
of Prophet Muhammad. In this case, al-Qasimi take many hadiths from the books
of Hadith writings of al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi, Ahmad bin Hanbal, Malik ibn
Anas, Ibn Hibban, and others. He will not take hadith, except that hadith in degree
Saheeh or hasan as he said in his introduction.
Sources
interpretation support, in addition to the four sources on above,
al-Qasimi also
often quote several
interpretations of Cleric before him, such as;
Imam
at-Tabari in the
Jami 'al-Bayan
Fi Ayyi ta'wil
al-Qur'an, al-Haafiz Ibn Kathir in his Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Adzim, az-Zamakhshari
in al-Kasyaf.
Such as excerpts of al-Qasimi toward Ibn
Jarir in interpreting letter
of al-Fatihah.
Furthermore,
Imam al-Qasimi
also quote an interpretation
of Muhammad Abduh
which is an interpretations
with the modern style, such as his
interpretation of Surat al-Fatiha;
In
addition, to strengthen the
argument of scientific views
in the book of his tafseer, al-Qasimi often quote the views and
opinions of the contemporaries of modern scientists. Some
sources of this interpretation is what makes the book of tafseer work of al-Qasimi becomes
a book of tefseer which is very rich with scientific
treasures.
If we
look at distribution of pattern in the interpretation
above, tafseer Mahaasin at-Ta'wiil can be included in category of tafseer bil-ra'yuand 'ilmii. Why
bil-ra'yi because
Imam Qasimi many
interpret verses by
mind, although he
quote many hadiths
and opinions of friends
of prophet. Because we think al-ra'yu is more dominant in
the Tafsir than al-ma'tsur. Secondly why
ilmi, because al-Qasimi much influenced
by the scientific mainstream. So in this
book of his tafseer, he deliberately describes
with detail the problems of astronomy contained in the Qur'an. He also
explained that he
many quote opinions ofastronomers scholars to
strengthen his explanation.
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